1. 联想
将书中的内容与自己已有的经验相练习如生活经验、以前学到的知识、其他看过的书、电影、音乐、见过的人等。妈妈可以用以下句式引导:
*** That reminds me of ...
*** This made me think of...
*** I read another book that...
*** This is different from...
*** I remember when...
2. 可视化
将阅读内容可视化。如果阅读中,将某些描述构成一幅图画,或添加其他感官描述,可以帮助孩子更好的理解。
*** I can picture...
*** I can see the...
*** I can visualize...
*** The movie in my head shows...
*** I can taste/hear/smell the...
*** I can feel the...
3. 提问
阅读前、阅读时、阅读后,都可以提问,这样才能更好地理解作者和内容。提问可以针对作者、阅读者自己,或文章内容。
*** What is the author trying to say?
*** What is the message of this piece?
*** Do I know something about this topic?
*** What do I think I will learn from this text?
*** How could this be explained to someone else?
*** What predictions do I have about this reading?
4. 推断(原文infer,敬请大虾们更正翻译)
通过阅读,寻找信息、线索,加上自己的经验和知识,推断出结论,从而理解作者的真正含义。问自己:
*** I wonder why...
*** I wonder how...
*** I wonder if...
5. 判断重要性
能从文章中找到信息,帮助阅读者识别文章的中心思想、以及为什么这些中心思想是文章中的重要部分。可以从以下几个方面着手识别中心思想:标题、黑体字、图片及其说明文字、图表、章节的目标和问题。
*** The big idea is...
*** Most important information is...
*** So far I've learned...
*** The author is saying...
*** This idea is similar to...
6. 综合概括 (好像超出低年级孩子的能力了:))
运用已阅读的内容,提出自己的见解。将读到的新信息与已知的知识综合起来,并形成自己的观点和理解。综合概括是运用各方面的资源,最终达成阅读者自身的观点。
*** Compare and contrast what I'm reading with what I already know or other sources of information.
*** Think of new ways to use this information.
*** Can connections I make across this text help me to create new generalizations or new perspectives?