kimly

本人做了6年的小店，深知大家生存的艰辛，虽然几个月前卖了店，但仍感觉自己是大家中的一员。就各位兄弟与帝国的战争，本人有几点忠言。
1 从目前的局势来分析，广大便利店与帝国的战争注定是旷日持久的，大家要有心理准备。可能不是递交一两封抗议信、谈判一两次，搞几次抵制行动就能让帝国低头的。各个店应根据自己的实际情况调整好经营策略，在与帝国抗争的同时，也要确保自己的店能正常运转，毕竟生存第一位，大家都不容易，大家应相互理解。抗争中有人积极些、主动些，有人胆怯些、有人懦弱些，都是可以理解的。还有在抵制的行动中，头脑要清醒、理智，不希望作出一些偏激行为，给自己家庭及远在国内的亲人带来不幸。
2 加拿大是一个法制社会，这可能也是当初我们选择来加拿大定居的原因之一。大家在为自己的正当权益抗争时，无论成功与否，请不要放弃法律武器。虽然司法程序非常复杂、冗长，但毕竟是值得等待的。大家也许会想像帝国这样的大公司，财大气粗，早就养了一大群御用律师为其钻法律漏洞，为其擦屁股。这的确是事实，从最近帝国给安省韩国便利店协会的回信中，也证实了这一点（法律规定零售商不得向消费者直接推荐某一种香烟），网上大家的抵制行动中似乎有类似行为，请不要让帝国抓到明显的证据。但并非帝国的策略就是无暇可击的，因为多年来，帝国为追求利益，也是劣迹斑斑，丑行不断，官司缠身。如2008年因走私香烟被课以5.5亿加元的重罚、几年前因抛弃批发商而被COSTCO等起诉，安省政府索赔500亿加元等，说明帝国目前的措施并不一定是完全合法的。个人认为大家可留意联邦及魁省的烟草法、联邦竞争法等。主要有如下几个：
1 联邦烟草法（Tobacco Act）
2 魁省烟草税法（obacco Tax Act, R.S.Q. c.）
3 魁省烟草法（Tobacco Act）
4 魁省烟草新规定
5 联邦竞争法。
     可以从中找到一些有用的条款。大家可收集在与帝国打交道的过程中一些有用的证据，如是否曾按销量给回扣，在推广新烟时是否给过礼品，是否强迫性定价，此次事件中的合同、信函等，可从违反烟草销售法规和违反竞争法（价格歧视、歧视性价格补贴、胁迫定价、市场垄断）两个方向进行指控。当然，大家也借机对比法律，检点自己是否有不规范行为，避免被帝国抓住把柄。
3 巧妙利用控烟组织。大家当然不愿与它沾惹上，它目前也不会站出来放啥屁。但一段时间后，情形会改变。因为在这次事件后（如半年或一年，可浏览帝国网站或其股票），帝国的烟草销量可能会出现三种情形：1）大幅度上升；2）明显减少；3）基本持平。后两种情况说明帝国的策略有问题，它自己就可能找台阶下。第一种情况是我们大家最不愿意接受的，也是控烟组织不希望见到的。那时，它应会主动找帝国的茬子，否则就是严重失职。

kimly

以下是联邦烟草法中关于promotion的条款，请l留意第29条注意黑体部分

Tobacco Act (1997, c. 13)
Act current to October 30th, 2010

PROMOTION

Definition of “promotion”
18. (1) In this Part, “promotion” means a representation about a product or service by any means, whether directly or indirectly, including any communication of information about a product or service and its price and distribution, that is likely to influence and shape attitudes, beliefs and behaviours about the product or service.
Application
(2) This Part does not apply to
(a) a literary, dramatic, musical, cinematographic, scientific, educational or artistic work, production or performance that uses or depicts a tobacco product or tobacco product-related brand element, whatever the mode or form of its expression, if no consideration is given directly or indirectly for that use or depiction in the work, production or performance;
(b) a report, commentary or opinion in respect of a tobacco product or a brand of tobacco product if no consideration is given by a manufacturer or retailer, directly or indirectly, for the reference to the tobacco product or brand in that report, commentary or opinion; or
(c) a promotion by a tobacco grower or a manufacturer that is directed at tobacco growers, manufacturers, persons who distribute tobacco products or retailers but not, either directly or indirectly, at consumers.
Prohibition
19. No person shall promote a tobacco product or a tobacco product-related brand element except as authorized by this Act or the regulations.
False promotion
20. No person shall promote a tobacco product by any means, including by means of the packaging, that are false, misleading or deceptive or that are likely to create an erroneous impression about the characteristics, health effects or health hazards of the tobacco product or its emissions.
Testimonials or endorsements
21. (1) No person shall promote a tobacco product by means of a testimonial or an endorsement, however displayed or communicated.
Depiction of person
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the depiction of a person, character or animal, whether real or fictional, is considered to be a testimonial for, or an endorsement of, the product.
Exception
(3) This section does not apply to a trade-mark that appeared on a tobacco product for sale in Canada on December 2, 1996.
Advertising
22. (1) Subject to this section, no person shall promote a tobacco product by means of an advertisement that depicts, in whole or in part, a tobacco product, its package or a brand element of one or that evokes a tobacco product or a brand element.
Exception
(2) Subject to the regulations, a person may advertise a tobacco product by means of information advertising or brand-preference advertising that is in
(a) a publication that is provided by mail and addressed to an adult who is identified by name; or
(b) [Repealed, 2009, c. 27, s. 11]
(c) signs in a place where young persons are not permitted by law.
Lifestyle advertising
(3) Subsection (2) does not apply to lifestyle advertising or advertising that could be construed on reasonable grounds to be appealing to young persons.
Definitions
(4) The definitions in this subsection apply in this section.

“brand-preference advertising”
« publicité préférentielle »
“brand-preference advertising” means advertising that promotes a tobacco product by means of its brand characteristics.

“information advertising”
« publicité informative »
“information advertising” means advertising that provides factual information to the consumer about
(a) a product and its characteristics; or
(b) the availability or price of a product or brand of product.
“lifestyle advertising”
« publicité de style de vie »
“lifestyle advertising” means advertising that associates a product with, or evokes a positive or negative emotion about or image of, a way of life such as one that includes glamour, recreation, excitement, vitality, risk or daring.
1997, c. 13, s. 22; 2009, c. 27, s. 11.
Packaging
23. No person shall package a tobacco product in a manner that is contrary to this Act or the regulations.
Prohibited additives — packaging
23.1 (1) No person shall package a tobacco product set out in column 2 of the schedule in a manner that suggests, including through illustrations, that it contains an additive set out in column 1.
Prohibition — sale
(2) No person shall sell a tobacco product set out in column 2 of the schedule that is packaged in a manner prohibited by subsection (1).
2009, c. 27, s. 12.
Prohibition — sponsorship promotion
24. No person may display a tobacco product-related brand element or the name of a tobacco manufacturer in a promotion that is used, directly or indirectly, in the sponsorship of a person, entity, event, activity or permanent facility.
1997, c. 13, s. 24; 1998, c. 38, s. 1.
Prohibition — name of facility
25. No person may display a tobacco product-related brand element or the name of a tobacco manufacturer on a permanent facility, as part of the name of the facility or otherwise, if the tobacco product-related brand element or name is thereby associated with a sports or cultural event or activity.
1997, c. 13, s. 25; 1998, c. 38, s. 2.
Accessories
26. (1) Subject to the regulations, a manufacturer or retailer may sell an accessory that displays a tobacco product-related brand element.
Promotion
(2) No person shall promote an accessory that displays a tobacco product-related brand element except in the prescribed manner and form and in a publication or place described in paragraphs 22(2)(a) and (c).
1997, c. 13, s. 26; 2009, c. 27, s. 13.
Non-tobacco product displaying tobacco brand element
27. No person shall furnish or promote a tobacco product if any of its brand elements is displayed on a non-tobacco product, other than an accessory, or is used with a service, if the non-tobacco product or service
(a) is associated with young persons or could be construed on reasonable grounds to be appealing to young persons; or
(b) is associated with a way of life such as one that includes glamour, recreation, excitement, vitality, risk or daring.
Exception — tobacco product
28. (1) Subject to the regulations, a person may sell a tobacco product, or advertise a tobacco product in accordance with section 22, if any of its brand elements is displayed on a non-tobacco product, other than an accessory, or used with a service, if the non-tobacco product or service does not fall within the criteria described in paragraphs 27(a) and (b).
Exception — non-tobacco product
(2) Subject to the regulations, a person may promote a non-tobacco product, other than an accessory, that displays a tobacco product-related brand element, or a service that uses a tobacco product-related brand element, to which section 27 does not apply.
Sales promotions
29. No manufacturer or retailer shall
(a) offer or provide any consideration, direct or indirect, for the purchase of a tobacco product, including a gift to a purchaser or a third party, bonus, premium, cash rebate or right to participate in a game, lottery or contest;
(b) furnish a tobacco product without monetary consideration or in consideration of the purchase of a product or service or the performance of a service; or
(c) furnish an accessory that bears a tobacco product-related brand element without monetary consideration or in consideration of the purchase of a product or service or the performance of a service.
Retail display of tobacco products
30. (1) Subject to the regulations, any person may display, at retail, a tobacco product or an accessory that displays a tobacco product-related brand element.
Signs
(2) A retailer of tobacco products may post, in accordance with the regulations, signs at retail that indicate the availability of tobacco products and their price.
Communication media
31. (1) No person shall, on behalf of another person, with or without consideration, publish, broadcast or otherwise disseminate any promotion that is prohibited by this Part.

kimly

魁省烟草法中有关条款，关于销售和推广部分，有点多，请留意黑体部分：

CONSOLIDATION
Tobacco Act
S.C. 1997, c. 13
© Éditeur officiel du Québec
Updated to 1 November 2010
This document has official status.  
Current to October 20, 2010
Published by the Minister of Justice at the following address:
http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca

R.S.Q., chapter T-0.01
Tobacco Act
CHAPTER III
SALE OF TOBACCO, DISPLAYS AND SIGNS
2005, c. 29, s. 14.

DIVISION I
SALE OF TOBACCO
2005, c. 29, s. 14.

Minors.
13. No one may sell tobacco to a minor.

1998, c. 33, s. 13; 2005, c. 29, s. 15.

Proof of age.
13.1. A person who wishes to purchase tobacco or to be admitted to a cigar room may
be required to provide proof of age.

Documents.
The Government may, by regulation, determine the documents that may be used as
identification.

2005, c. 29, s. 16.

Reasonable effort.
14. In proceedings for a contravention of the second paragraph of section 8.2 or a
contravention of section 13, no penalty may be imposed on a defendant who shows
that a reasonable effort was made to verify the age of the person and that there were
reasonable grounds to believe that the person was of full age.

1998, c. 33, s. 14; 2005, c. 29, s. 17.

Retail sale.
14.1. Tobacco may not be sold retail except in a tobacco retail outlet, with both the
operator of the retail outlet or an employee of the operator and the purchaser physically present.

Interpretation.
For the purposes of this Act,

(1) a tobacco retail outlet is a fixed place permanently delimited by continuous
floor-to-ceiling partitions or walls that is accessible only through an opening
equipped with a door and in which tobacco is sold retail by the operator of the place;

(2) a person other than a tobacco farmer or a tobacco product manufacturer or
distributor who is in possession of or holds a quantity of tobacco that exceeds
the amount the person needs for personal consumption is presumed, in the absence
of any evidence to the contrary, to engage in the retail sale of tobacco.

2005, c. 29, s. 18.

Gifts prohibited.
14.2. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet may not give tobacco to a minor.

2005, c. 29, s. 18.

Sale through intermediary prohibited.
14.3. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet may not sell tobacco to a person of full age if the operator knows the person is purchasing the tobacco for a minor.

2005, c. 29, s. 18.

Access.
15. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet must ensure that all tobacco is kept in such
a way as to prevent customers from gaining access to the tobacco without the help of
the business’s personnel.

Exception.
The first paragraph does not apply to the operator of a duty free shop licensed as such
under the Customs Act (Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, chapter 1, 2nd Supplement).

1998, c. 33, s. 15; 2005, c. 29, s. 19.

Vending machines prohibited.
16. The operator of a place or business may not have a tobacco vending machine installed,
or leave or keep a tobacco vending machine in the place or business.

1998, c. 33, s. 16; 2005, c. 29, s. 20.

Retail outlet prohibited.
17. No tobacco retail outlet may be operated

(1) on the grounds of or within a facility maintained by a health and social services institution;

(2) on the grounds or within the premises or buildings placed at the disposal of a school,
a vocational training centre, an adult education centre or a private educational institution;

(2.1) on the grounds or within the buildings of a general and vocational college or a university;

(3) on the grounds of or within the facilities of a childcare centre or day care centre;

(4) within premises where sports, recreational, cultural or artistic activities are presented,
at the time they are presented;

(5) within premises or buildings intended mainly for the presentation of sports, recreational,
cultural or artistic activities or intended mainly as a place where members of the public may
engage or take part in such activities;

(6) in an establishment operating under a public house, tavern or bar permit within the
meaning of the Act respecting liquor permits (chapter P-9.1), other than a cigar room;

(7) in premises where an activity forming part of a restaurateur's business is carried on under
a permit issued under subparagraph n of the first paragraph of section 9 of the Food Products
Act (chapter P-29).

Regulations.
The Government may, by regulation, determine other places where operating a tobacco retail
outlet is prohibited.

1998, c. 33, s. 17; 2005, c. 29, s. 21; 2005, c. 47, s. 149.

Educational institution.
17.1. It is prohibited to supply tobacco to a minor on the grounds or within the premises or
buildings placed at the disposal of a school or a private educational institution dispensing
services specified in paragraphs 1 to 3 of section 1 of the Act respecting private education (chapter E-9.1), whether or not for a consideration.

2005, c. 29, s. 22.

Pharmacies.
18. It is prohibited to sell tobacco in a business if

(1) a pharmacy is located within the business;

(2) the customers of a pharmacy can pass into the business directly or by the use of a corridor
or area used exclusively to connect the pharmacy with the business.

1998, c. 33, s. 18.

Packages.
19. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet may not sell cigarettes except in a package that contains
at least 20 cigarettes.

Regulations.
The Government may make regulations specifying any other tobacco product that may not be
sold in a package containing less than the prescribed quantities or portions.

1998, c. 33, s. 19; 2005, c. 29, s. 23.

Declaration in register.
20. The retail sale of tobacco is an activity that must be declared in the register kept in accordance
with the Act respecting the legal publicity of sole proprietorships, partnerships and legal persons
(chapter P-45) within 30 days after the commencement of the operations of a tobacco retail outlet.

Discontinuance of activity.
The discontinuance of that activity must be declared in the same register within 30 days after its
occurrence.

1998, c. 33, s. 20; 2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Registration required.
20.1. Despite paragraph 1 of section 2 of the Act respecting the legal publicity of sole proprietorships,
partnerships and legal persons (chapter P-45), a natural person who operates a tobacco retail outlet
under a name that includes his or her surname and given name is subject to the requirement of
registration.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

DIVISION II
DISPLAYS
2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Public display prohibited.
20.2. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet may not display tobacco or tobacco packaging in public
view.

Sign permitted.
However, the operator may, by means of a sign permitted under subparagraph 9 of the first paragraph
of section 24, provide consumers with the names of the tobacco products sold at the retail outlet and
their price as well as with any other factual information referred to in that section. The sign must
comply with the other provisions of section 24.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Exceptions.
20.3. Section 20.2 does not apply to the operator of a cigar room or a duty free shop.

Exceptions.
Nor does it apply to the operator of a specialty tobacco retail outlet if the following conditions are met:

(1) the specialty tobacco retail outlet is and remains a tobacco retail outlet specially set up for the
retail sale of tobacco;

(2) it is in operation on 10 May 2005;

(3) receipts derived by the operator of the specialty tobacco retail outlet from the retail sale of tobacco,
accessories that may be used for tobacco smoking and specialized publications about such products in
the 12 months before 31 May 2006 account for 75% of receipts from all sales made at that retail outlet
in that period;

(4) the operator of the specialty tobacco retail outlet sends the Minister, not later than 30 June 2008,
a written notice stating the name and address of the retail outlet, and sufficient proof that the operator
meets the conditions set out in this paragraph.

Conditions.
However, the operator of a tobacco retail outlet that is covered by the first and second paragraphs must
display tobacco and tobacco packaging in such a way that it is visible only from the inside of the retail
outlet.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

DIVISION III
SIGNS
2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Notice and warning.
20.4. The operator of a tobacco retail outlet must post a notice prohibiting the sale of tobacco
to minors and a warning attributed to the Minister concerning the harmful effects of tobacco
on health as soon as the signs are provided by the Minister.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Public view.
20.5. Such signs must be posted in public view, on or next to each cash register used for tobacco
sales.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Prohibition.
20.6. No person may remove or deface such signs.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

Standards.
20.7. The Minister may make regulations determining the standards applicable to such signs.

2005, c. 29, s. 24.

CHAPTER IV
PROMOTION, ADVERTISING AND PACKAGING

Promotion.
21. The operator of a business and a manufacturer or a distributor of tobacco products may not

(1) supply or distribute tobacco free of charge or furnish tobacco for promotional purposes of
any kind to consumers;

(2) reduce the retail price of tobacco on the basis of quantity, otherwise than as part of regular
marketing operations by the manufacturer, or offer or grant a rebate on the market price of
tobacco to consumers;

(3) offer consumers a gift or rebate or a right to participate in a lottery, contest or game or
any other form of benefit if consumers must, in return, provide information on tobacco or
their tobacco consumption, purchase a tobacco product or present proof of purchase of a
tobacco product.

kimly

New tobacco tax measures

On June 13, 2006, the Québec government implemented
new measures respecting the tobacco tax.
Generally, the new measures provide for a 50% increase in
the amounts of the fines for a first offence and the introduction
of a fine for a subsequent offence within five years. The measures
apply, for example, to the following offences:
A merchant who sells, delivers or is in possession of tobacco
intended for retail sale in Québec and contained in a package
that is not identified in accordance with the Tobacco Tax Act
is liable to a fine of not less than $3,000 and not more than
$750,000. If there is a subsequent offence within five years,
the merchant is liable to a fine of not less than $10,000 and
not more than $2,500,000.  
A merchant who makes retail sales of tobacco without holding
a registration certificate, or purchases tobacco from a person
who does not hold a collection officer's permit, is liable to a
fine of not less than $3,000 and not more than $37,500.
If there is a subsequent offence within five years, the
merchant is liable to a fine of not less than $10,000
and not more than $125,000.
Furthermore, the following acts are now considered
offences under the Tobacco Tax Act:
the retail sale of tobacco (or offer to sell tobacco at retail)
for a price that is lower than the total tax applicable to the
tobacco  
the purchase, by a consumer, of tobacco for a price that is
lower than the total tax applicable to the tobacco  
the sale, delivery or possession of counterfeit tobacco
Retail sale of tobacco for a price lower than the total tax
applicable
No person may sell (or offer to sell) tobacco at retail for a price lower than the total tax applicable to the tobacco, that is, the excise duty and the tobacco tax, plus the GST calculated on the excise duty and tobacco tax.
For example, the following minimum retail selling prices have
been in effect since July 1, 2006: $3.92 for a package of 20
cigarettes; $4.91 for a package of 25 cigarettes; $39.23 for a
carton containing 200 cigarettes; and $33.69 for a container
of 200 grams of fine-cut tobacco.
A merchant who fails to comply is guilty of an offence and is
liable to a fine of not less than $3,000 and not more than $750,000.
If there is a subsequent offence within five years, the merchant is
liable to a fine of not less than $10,000 and not more than $2,500,000.
Purchase of tobacco products by a consumer for a price lower than
the total tax applicable
No person may purchase tobacco at retail in Québec for a price lower
than the total tax applicable to the tobacco, that is, the excise duty
and the tobacco tax, plus the GST calculated on the excise duty and tobacco tax.
A person who makes such a purchase is guilty of an offence and is
liable to a fine of not less than $300 and not more than $7,500. A
person who commits a subsequent offence within five years is liable
to a fine of not less than $1,000 and not more than $25,000.
Sale, delivery or possession of counterfeit tobacco  
A merchant who sells, delivers or is in possession of counterfeit tobacco
is guilty of an offence and is liable to a fine of not less than $3,000 and
not more than $750,000. If there is a subsequent offence within five years,
the merchant is liable to a fine of not less than $10,000 and not more than $2,500,000.
The term "counterfeit tobacco" means:
tobacco the package of which bears or on which is reproduced or imitated
the trademark, trade name or any other distinguishing guise that can reasonably
be associated with another tobacco product, without the authorization of the
owner of the trademark, trade name or other distinguishing guise  
tobacco the package of which bears an identification mark that has not been
affixed by a person holding a valid manufacturer's or importer's permit
Reminder of other sanctions
In addition to the fines provided for, certain offences under the Tobacco Tax
Act may result in a seizure of tobacco, the suspension of a person's registration
certificate, or a term of imprisonment.

kimly

竞争法的条款太多，粗粗瞄一眼，似乎许多条款都适用，限于英文水平和法律知识的欠缺，不敢妄发言语。详细请浏览联邦司法部网站或联邦工业部竞争局网站或电话咨询。

Competition Act (R.S., 1985, c. C-34)
Act current to October 20th, 2010
Attention: See coming into force provision and notes, where applicable.
Table of Contents     
Competition Act
C-34

以下内容摘自戴维斯·沃德·菲利普和伟伯格律师事务所编写的《加拿大经商法律指南》一书。该指南中所涉及到的适用法律限于加拿大安大略省和魁北克省的法律以及在此两省适用的加拿大联邦法律。该指南的内容为参考性的，不能做为正式的法律建议。

«竞争法»规定的刑事犯罪

串通共谋

«竞争法»规定列出了不少刑事犯罪行为，其中最重要的是共
谋罪。其罪行为：任何人与任何其他人（常指竞争者）共
谋，或以其它方式约定来达到：
（1）以不正当的手段限制其他产品的运输、生产、制造、
供应、存储或交易；
（2）以不正当的手段阻止、限制或减少某产品的制造 或
生产，或者不合理地提高其价格；
（3）以不正当的手段阻止或消弱某产品在生产、制造、购
买、交换、出售、存储、出租、运输或供应过程中的
竞争；或者
（4）以其它方式以不正当的手段限制或损害竞争。

价格操控

«竞争法»在禁止价格操控条款中规定，在加拿大提供或供应
某种产品的商业活动中，禁止通过协议向产品的供应者进行
许诺、胁从或任何类似手段来影响其确定价格或阻碍其降
价。因此，强求不属于自己所有的下属经销商、零售商按某
一价格销售，在加拿大属于非法行为。其行为同样触犯了法
律。因为他“拒绝供应” 某产品或“以其它不平等方式对
待”他人实行的廉价销售。此外，这一规定也适用于试图对
竞争者或其他任何人的定价施加影响的行为。

价格歧视

«竞争法»规定，当其他供应商在数量和质量上不能提供给购
买此货物的购货者时，禁止供应商在相互竞争的购买者之间
以让价或其它好处的形式提供歧视性价格。与竞争法其它规
定不同，价格歧视的行为判定不取决于是否已经造成不利于
竞争的後果。当然，这方面也有合法情况（比如购买一定数
量的产品可以有折扣），供应商的价格在一定范围内可以有
所区别。

«竞争法»还规定了其它犯罪行为，其中包括：歧视性价格补
贴、掠夺性定价、强行推销、双重价格标签、金字塔式销
售、与专业体育运动合谋共销、与联邦金融机构就利息、服
务与贷款进行特别约定以及通过广告误导消费者。

竞争法规定审查的非刑事犯罪情况

滥用自身强势地位


竞争法庭一旦发现下述违法情况可以签发处罚命令，其中包
括命令当事方停止某种行为或者出售其资产或股份：
（1）一个人或数人实质上或者完全控制整个加拿大或加拿
大某一地方的一类生意；
（2）一个人或数人已经，或正在进行违反竞争法的行为；
以及
（3）其行为已经，或正在，或者将可能在从根本上阻绕或
削弱竞争。
竞争法庭认为，如果一个供货商具有足够的市场支配能力，
并在相当长时期内将价格固定在竞争水平之上，这样的供应
商就可能被认为是在“控制一种生意”。该法庭认为，判断
一个供货商是否有市场支配力，应视其市场所占有的份额和
进入市场的壁垒。如果一个公司有非常大的市场份额，就很
可能达到市场支配力。不过，要确认这一点还要看有多少其
它竞争者及他们相应的市场份额、超出市场容量余地，以及
进入市场的难易程度等均需要加以考虑。
然而，确定一家公司的市场支配力究竟到多大程度可以被认
定为触犯了有关法律条款，在加拿大很少能够找到权威性规
定来帮助确定。但无论如何，一家公司的市场份额超出40-
45%时就要谨慎为妙；再比如说，如果为数较少的公司所占
据的市场总份额超出所说的门槛，并在有可能形成“联合强
势”的时候被认定为控制了市场。
«竞争法»中对“不利于竞争的行为”做出的定义不是很透
彻。实际上任何行为只要是有意掠夺、排他性的或惩戒性地
对付竞争者的行为均可能构成损害竞争行为。

拒绝交易

竞争法庭还裁定一个人在其客户的生意从根本上受其影响或
者被排挤在行业之外时，如果拒绝向其供货，法庭可以有权
命令他向该客户供应产品。这种情况包括该客户（i）在市场
各处均无法按平常的价格获得足够供货，（ii）由于市场上该
产品的供应商不具有足够的竞争力而又无法获得合适的供
货，（iii）客户愿意并能够满足该产品供应商的正常交易条
件时，最後，（iv）该产品供应充足。
该法庭指出，如果在上述4 个条件均成立的情况下，在发布
是否命令其向客户供货时还应该考虑其他一些因素，这包括
被告是否有合法理由中断供货（譬如要销售存货告罄）、供
货关系维持情况以及终止客户供货的方式。

kimly

如果帝国不愿取消其政策，而大家又继续采取抵抗行动并产生一定效果的话，进入司法程序的可能性比较大：也许是帝国指控大家，也许是大家起诉帝国。
从帝国的竞争对手JTI给大家的信（见如下），还是帝国给OKBA的信（不如何才能上传PDF文件？）来看：都是围绕竞争法和烟草法，都将会指控对方违反竞争法并给自己带来经济损失，并会提出索赔。而对于违反烟草法，应是由控烟组织指控，而大家或是帝国，都是向控烟组织提供证据证明对方违法并受处罚，不存在索赔问题。

附：
JTI的信（中文）
王华（老曹爱人）已经把JTI的信翻译如下
JTI-MACDONALD 致零售商的重要公告
最近帝国烟草公司向选中的部分零售商实施名为“扩展”的计划，这将涵盖所有帝国品牌，强迫零售商设定最高零售卖价。这个计划旨在以牺牲零售商利润为代价，最终提高帝国本身的利润率。我们坚信帝国烟草公司在滥用其在市场的主导地位，试图减少其他公司与其的竞争。
JTI与各零售商通过长期的合作，建立了相互信任和尊重。我们充分了解为了双方共同的利益，我们必须共同成长，同步前进。
我们的法律咨询顾问已经收到了指令，将在各种情况下采取必要的措施。我们认为这个扩展计划导致了严重的法律问题因为该计划在试图降低市场上的竞争，从而违反了联邦竞争法。帝国这一计划：
将彻底废除香烟价位的有效竞争
使众多的零售商受到了不公平的歧视待遇
将强迫零售商提高竞争产品的价格
将阻止向市场推出新品牌
将企图在各零售点间接控制产品定价权
将减少消费者的选择

kimly

mmisland:
      我不姓李，我姓王，住在东镇区。开了5、6年小店，深深理解小店主个中之酸甜苦辣，几个月前卖了店。开便利店虽然艰难，但它毕竟是一个个华人家庭在魁北克安身立命的经济支柱。真希望还在开店的兄弟们能挺过难关，日子过得一天比一天好。没有什么能帮助大家的，只好摘抄一些法律条文，大家一起来讨论，集思广益，看是否有可能寻找有用的法律依据。另外，大家在非常时期，也要谨慎行事，不要惹上不必要的麻烦，最好在合法前提下展开行动。至少，像某些朋友说的那样，在此贴出那些法律条文，可以起到普法作用。

Yannick：希望更多的人士像你一样，多多向政府有关部门咨询，以搞清心中的法律疑团。除竞争局外，烟控组织、税局都可咨询。一点一点弄明白，才好决定下一步如何进行。

有一点想法：其实便利店人士在魁北克华人社区是一个很重要的群体，至少在华人社区是很有影响力的。在魁北克从事律师及相关工作的华人应该明白，提高社会知名度对律师职业很重要。此时若能站出来关注一下，进行一些咨询，提供一些法律建议，应不是太困难的事。无论是否真正有效，至少可以在华人心目中留下印象，形成不少潜在客户。效果肯定比在报纸上卖广告好得多，为何不试试？