forte

http://zone.auto.msn.com.cn/bbs/ ... read-16378-1-1.html

原贴所在

iop

4WD and AWD systems by design type

原贴:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drive



Center differential with mechanical lock, or other torque transfer features

• Alfa Romeo 164 Q4 (central viscous coupling, epicyclic unit and Torsen rear differential)
  
• Alfa Romeo 155 Q4 (central epicyclic unit, Ferguson viscous coupling and Torsen rear differential)
  
• AMC Eagle (central viscous coupling)
  
• Audi - Quattro Coupé, 4000, 5000 (locking center and rear differentials)
  
• Audi Q7 -double pinion 50/50 with lockup clutch pack
  
• Ford - Escort (RS 2000 16v 4x4 models and RS Cosworth), Sierra Cosworth, Sierra and Granada 4x4 models, Expedition(new): center mechanical differential/locking center differential(hi-lo)
  
• Mercedes GL-Class
  
• H1 & HMMWV NVG 242HD AMG open center differential, locked center differential, Neutral, low range locked. Also Torsen1 differential at the front and rear axle, The H1 moved to Torsen2 when ABS was added. The H1 Alpha had optional locking differentials in place of torsens
  
• Hummer H2, H3 40/60 planetary with lock
  
• Jeep Grand Cherokee, Commander (Quadra-Drive 2 version only for both vehicles)
  
• Jeep Liberty, Jeep Cherokee, Dodge Durango (Select-Trac)- NV 242 transfer case- rear drive, open center differential, locked center differential, Neutral, low range
  
• Full size Jeeps with Borg Warner QuadraTrac: limited slip center differential, 50/50 locked center differential. Low range could be used in locked or unlocked mode, allowing for use of low range on pavement.
  
• Land Rover Defender (and Series III V8 models)
  
• Land Rover/Land Rover Discovery/LR3
  
• Land Rover Freelander/Freelander
  
• Lada Niva - full-time 4WD using open center diff with manual lock
  
• Lexus LX470 -open with lock
  
• Lexus RX300 -viscous coupling across the otherwise open center differential.
  
• Mercedes-Benz Unimog (locking center and rear with up to 10 low range gears).
  
• Mercedes-Benz G-Class (locking center and lockers on both front- and rearaxle)
  
• Mitsubishi Pajero (also known as Montero or Shogun)
  
• Nissan Patrol Pathfinder/Armada (All-Mode) multi clutch based with locking center differential
  
• Porsche Cayenne (Porsche Traction Management) 38/62 planetary with lockup clutch pack
  
• Range Rover
  
• Suzuki Grand Vitara -full-time 4WD using limited-slip center differential, off-road 4WD with selectable center differential lock and low range transfer case, traction control and electronic stability control
  
• Subaru Basic manual transmissions have a 50/50 center differential with viscous clutch, performance models have a planetary differential with computer regulated lockup. Automatic transmission models have ~45/55 planetary with computer controlled lock up
  
• Toyota Sequoia (Multi-mode)
  
• Toyota Land Cruiser
  
• Volkswagen Touareg -double pinion 50/50 with lockup clutch pack
  

Torsen center differential

• Alfa Romeos: 156 Crosswagon, 159, Brera, Spider Q4 (Torsen T-3)
  
• Audis with (quattro) - 80 & 90, 100 & 200, A4, S4, RS4, A5 & S5, A6, S6, RS6, A8, S8, R8, Q7 (center) - various iterations of Torsen, including the latest T-3
  
• Bentley Continental GT, Bentley Continental Flying Spur (2005) Torsen T-1
  
• Chevrolet Trailblazer SS (center)(limited slip rear) Torsen T-3
  
• Lexus GX470, Toyota Landcruiser 120/Prado (center) (with limited slip rear) Torsen T-3 with lock
  
• Toyota FJ Cruiser (center) (only manual models) (also locking rear) Torsen T-3 with lock
  
• Toyota Hilux Surf or 4Runner (center) (also locking rear) Torsen T-3 with lock
  
• Toyota Landcruiser 200/2008/V8 Torsen T-3 with lock
  
• Volkswagen Passat 4motion Torsen T-2 (B5.5 model, not latest model with transverse engine)
  
• Volkswagen Phaeton (center) Torsen T-2
  

Non-locking center differential

• Cadillac Escalade, STS AWD, SRX AWD (The first two generations had a viscous clutch on the center differential)
  
• Chrysler 300C AWD
  
• Dodge Magnum, Charger AWD
  
• GMC Yukon Denali, XL Denali, Sierra Denali
  
• Mercedes 4MATIC cars, R class, and ML class (note some MLs had low range)
  

The above systems function by selectively using the traction control system (via ABS) to brake a slipping wheel.

Multiple-clutch systems

• Acura RL, RDX (SH-AWD) Right and left axle shaft
  
• Acura MDX SH-AWD & VTM4
  
• Honda Ridgeline
  
• Honda Pilot
  
• Infiniti FX (ATTESA E-TS)
  
• Mitsubishi GTO MR/3000GT VR-4
  
• Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution Series
  
• Nissan GT-R (ATTESA E-TS)
  
• Nissan Skyline GT-R (ATTESA E-TS and ATTESSA E-TS-PRO) front axle coupling, rear differential locking
  
• Nissan Skyline GTS4 (ATTESA E-TS)
  
• Nissan A31 Cefiro SE4 (ATTESA E-TS)
  
• Porsche 959 PSK front axle coupling, rear differential locking
  
• Saab 9-3, Saab 9-4X (Saab XWD).
  

Clutch pack coupling

• Audi A3 quattro, Audi TT quattro (with Haldex Traction)
  
• BMW: 3series, 5series, X3, X5 (the initial X5's had a 38/62 planetary center differential)
  
• Chevrolet Equinox (GMPCA)
  
• Chrysler Pacifica (BorgWarner ITM3e) (on 2007 model)
  
• Dodge Nitro (Quadra-Trac 1)
  
• Dodge Caliber
  
• Ford: Escape, Freestyle, Edge, Fusion, Five Hundred (Freestyle, FiveHundred Haldex Traction based)(Escape Control Trac II, based)
  
• Honda CR-V, HR-V, Element
  
• Infiniti: G35x, M35x
  
• Jeep Compass (Freedom Drive)
  
• Jeep: Grand Cherokee and SRT8 NVG 249, 247
  
• Land Rover: LR2 (also Haldex Traction)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference">[17]</sup>
  
• Lamborghini: AWD variants VT series (viscous traction)
  
• Lincoln: MKS, MKZ
  
• Mazdaspeed6 (a power takeoff unit linked to clutch pack with torque sensitive rear differential.)
  
• Mazda: Tribute, CX-7, CX-9 (tribute Control Trac II, based)
  
• Mercury: Milan, Montego, Mariner (Montego Haldex Traction based)
  
• Mitsubishi Outlander (current generation)
  
• Nissan Murano automatic with manual lockup switch
  
• Porsche 911 AWD variants (a version of BorgWarner ITM3e) — excluding the 964-series Porsche 911 Carrera 4 31/69 planetary center differential
  
• Pontiac Torrent (GMPCA)
  
• Subaru low powered automatic transmission models
  
• Subaru Legacy, Outback, Impreza, Forester, Tribeca automatic transmission models: mechanical front drive, clutch coupled rear axle.
  
• Suzuki: SX4, XL7, Aerio
  
• Toyota RAV4 (latest model, not older generations)
  
• Volvo: S40, S60, S80, V50, V70, XC70, XC90 (all Haldex Traction-based)
  

Note the above all function like 2WD when clutch pack not engaged, and like 4WD highrange in a part time 4WD system when the clutch is engaged (usually by computer although some allow manual control). Some in this category have varying degrees of control in the torque distribution between front and rear via allowing some of the clutches in a clutch pack to engage and slip varying amounts. An example of a system like this is the BorgWarner i-Trac(TM) system. Note: the Haldex Traction based car list was created from the list on Haldex Traction corporate web site: | Haldex Cars. Interestingly, a version of the BorgWarner ITM3e system is used on 2006 and up Porsche 911TT's. These Borg Warner systems were the forerunner of the popular Volkswagen Group Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) gearbox.

Off-road drive

These are vehicles with no center differential, also known as selectable 4WD. Off-road drive systems may not be driven in 4WD mode on dry pavement, as damage to the transfer case will occur.

• Chevrolet Trailblazer and GMC Envoy
  
• Chevrolet Tahoe, Suburban, Silverado, Avalanche, Colorado, S-10 series
  
• Chevrolet Tracker
  
• Dodge Power Wagon (a Ram version with front and rear differential locks)
  
• Dodge Ram, Dakota
  
• Dodge Nitro (Quadra-Trac 2)
  
• Ford F series FX4, Explorer, Sport Trac (all control Trac 1)
  
• Ford Ranger (Torsen rear differential)
  
• Geo Tracker
  
• GMC Yukon, Sierra
  
• Infiniti QX56 (All-mode 4WD) Auto-engages 4WD with slip
  
• Isuzu i-series
  
• Jeep Cherokee (Quadra-Trac 2)
  
• Jeep Cherokee, Jeep Wrangler, Jeep Comanche, Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ), Jeep Liberty (Command-Trac)
  
• Jeep Wrangler (Rubicon has a locking front as well as rear)
  
• Land Rover Series (except V8 models)
  
• Lincoln Navigator (slip sensing can shift automatically into 4-high)
  
• Lincoln Mark LT
  
• Mazda B-series
  
• Mitsubishi Raider
  
• Nissan Patrol
  
• Nissan Terrano II
  
• Nissan Armada, Pathfinder (All-mode 4WD) Auto-engages 4WD with slip
  
• Nissan Titan, Xterra, Frontier (rear locker an option)
  
• Subaru Loyale, GL/DL, Brat Front/4wd/4wd lo, Justy
  
• Suzuki Sidekick
  
• Toyota Tacoma (rear locking differential optional)
  
• Toyota Tundra TRD
  
• Toyota FJ Cruiser (automatic transmission models)
  

mtl-chang

请教专家们，请比较一下RAV4，马自达9，SUBARU的SUV，我正犹豫不定呢。买哪个好？帮帮忙，给点建议。谢谢！

zaiheyang

Post by mtl-chang;2171948
请教专家们，请比较一下RAV4，马自达9，SUBARU的SUV，我正犹豫不定呢。买哪个好？帮帮忙，给点建议。谢谢！

首先申明:不是专家, 只谈一点个人看法: mazda cx-9体积要比RAV4和SUBARU的Forester或Outback都大一号,如果你经常使用7座,当然选CX-9 . RAV4虽然也有7座选择,但第三排实在太挤,只有万不得已才能用. Forester和RAV4 相比看个人喜好了,两款车的可靠性都很好. 我更喜欢RAV4 一点, 因为Forester看起来更像Car, 而RAV4更像SUV. 考虑到现在RAV4可以零利率购车,还是选RAV4 吧. 我已经开了3年RAV4, 质量和稳定性没得说.

mtlete

我准备这个月买 RAV4 4WD V6 SPORT 2009. 如果有兴趣的大家交流一下价格信息。

有没有最近已经买车的朋友，共享一下你们拿到的价格。

有兴趣买车的朋友可以PM 我。 大家一起研究怎么和DEALER杀价。

vivianne

如果团购能省钱，算我一个。 越快越好

iop

Post by mtlete;2172185
我准备这个月买 RAV4 4WD V6 SPORT 2009. 如果有兴趣的大家交流一下价格信息。

有没有最近已经买车的朋友，共享一下你们拿到的价格。

有兴趣买车的朋友可以PM 我。 大家一起研究怎么和DEALER杀价。

RAV4 4WD V6 SPORT 2009 是不错的选择.:cool:

TVB

Post by iop;2172429
RAV4 4WD V6 SPORT 2009 是不错的选择.:cool:

因为刚刚登陆，现在是一没电话，二没车。所以只能在这里问了。如果有违版规，还请版主高抬贵手，谢谢


36个月分期付款，每个月多少钱？总共多少钱？

o-o

Post by TVB;2172454
因为刚刚登陆，现在是一没电话，二没车。所以只能在这里问了。如果有违版规，还请版主高抬贵手，谢谢


36个月分期付款，每个月多少钱？总共多少钱？

根据配置的不同，每月付款包税大约在900$-1100$左右

希望之光

好车~不过更喜欢FJ～